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In English we use "perfect continuous" tense to
indicate that some action has started in the past and has continued up until
now or for long duration.
e.g. "I have been studying Gujarati for last 2
years", "She has been working here for past 1 month","He
had been standing all day at work" etc.
Style 1)
In Gujarati there is no special tense to match this
"has/had been". So while translating a
"have been" statement -> translate it as if a
"present continuous" tense.
"had been"
statement - > translate as if "past continuous" tense OR using "used-to" phrase.
"will have been" statement -> translate as if
"future continuous" tense.
i.e.
"He had been saying" can be said as "he was
saying" -> એ બોલી રહ્યો હતો (e bolI rahyo
hato) OR "He used to say" -> એ બોલતો હતો (e bolato hato)
"He has been saying" can be said as "he is
saying" -> એ બોલી રહ્યો છે (e bolI rahyo
Che)
"He will have been saying" can be said as "he
will be saying" -> એ બોલી રહ્યો હશે (e bolI rahyo
hashe)
Used-to phrase is discussed thoroughly in
http://learn-gujarati-from-english.blogspot.in/2013/12/sentence-using-used-to-phrase-in.html
Style 2) In this style verb આવવું (AvavuM)
is used along with main verb form to make it perfect continuous.
The sentence structure for present perfect continuous is
Subject of sentence
|
verb+ તો/તી/તું/તા/તી/તાં
(to/tI/tuM/tA/tI/tAM)
as per
gender and multiplicity of subject.
|
verb આવવું (AvavuM) as per present perfect tense
|
હું
(huM)
|
કરતો (karato)
|
આવ્યો
છું (Avyo ChuM)
|
The suffix to verb viz. તો/તી/તું/તા/તી/તાં (to/tI/tuM/tA/tI/tAM) is decided
as per gender and multiplicity of subject.
This is
same as what we have seen in
Simple hint is first translate "I have come" into Gujarati
and then insert main verb+suffix to make it perfect continuous.
e.g.
If we want to say "I(boy) have been saying". Then first, translate "I(boy) have
come" i.e. હું આવ્યો છું (huM Avyo ChuM ). Now main verb is
"to say" i.e. બોલ (bol) so we insert બોલતો (bolato ) into sentenece
હું બોલતો આવ્યો છું (huM bolato
Avyo ChuM )
Same for girl will be formed as follows
I(girl) have come -> હું આવી છું
(huM AvI ChuM)
Verb + suffix -> બોલતી (bolatI)
I(girl) have been saying -> હું બોલતી આવી છું (huM bolatI AvI ChuM)
Further example will make it clear
1) she has been saying
She has come -> એ આવી છે (e
AvI Che)
She has been saying -> એ બોલતી આવી
છે. (e bolatI AvI Che.)
2) They have been dancing
They have come -> તેઓ આવ્યા છે. (teo
AvyA Che.)
They have been dancing -> તેઓ નાચતા આવ્યા
છે. (teo nAchatA AvyA Che.)
3) You have been eating mango
You have come -> તમે આવ્યા છો. (tame
AvyA Cho.)
You have been eating mango
-> તમે કેરી ખાતા આવ્યા છો (tame
kerI khAtA AvyA Cho)
4) I have been working there for past three years
I have come -> હું આવ્યો છું (huM
Avyo ChuM)
I have been working -> હું કામ કરતો આવ્યો
છું (huM kAm karato Avyo ChuM)
I have been working there for three years -> હું ત્યાં ત્રણ વર્ષ કામ કરતો આવ્યો છું. (huM tyAM
traN varSh kAm karato Avyo ChuM.)
Past Perfect Continuous
Note:- This is not very common or natural approach. So you should avoid this form. But you can find this form used some times; so it is discussed here.
Note:- This is not very common or natural approach. So you should avoid this form. But you can find this form used some times; so it is discussed here.
If you have understood above part then Past Perfect
Continuous is very easy for you.
As you can guess, only difference here is form of " આવવું (AvavuM)" is as per past perfect tense.
Subject of sentence
|
verb+ તો/તી/તું/તા/તી/તાં
(to/tI/tuM/tA/tI/tAM)
as per
gender and multiplicity of subject.
|
verb આવવું (AvavuM) as per past perfect tense
|
હું
(huM)
|
કરતો (karato)
|
આવ્યો
હતો (Avyo hato)
|
Simple hint is first translate "I had come" into Gujarati
and then insert main verb+suffix to make it perfect continuous.
1) she had been doing
She had come" -> એ આવી હતી (e
AvI hatI)
She had been saying -> એ બોલતી આવી
હતી. (e bolatI AvI hatI.)
2) They had been dancing
They had come -> તેઓ આવ્યા હતા. (teo
AvyA hatA.)
They had been dancing -> તેઓ નાચતા આવ્યા
હતા. (teo nAchatA AvyA hatA.)
3) You had been eating mango
You had come -> તમે આવ્યા હતા. (tame
AvyA hatA.)
You had been eating mango
-> તમે કેરી ખાતા આવ્યા હતા (tame
kerI khAtA AvyA hatA)
4) I had been working there for past three years
I had come -> હું આવ્યો હતો (huM
Avyo hato)
I had been working -> હું કરતો આવ્યો
હતો (huM karato Avyo hato)
I had been working there for three years -> હું ત્યાં ત્રણ વર્ષ કામ કરતો આવ્યો હતો. (huM tyAM
traN varSh kAm karato Avyo hato.)
Future Perfect Continuous
Sentences formation in this way for Future Perfect
Continuous are not quite natural in Gujarati
Listen this video online at
https://youtu.be/TdnnIC5n7kg
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Note :- Right hand side of the blog shows "Blog Archive". Expand it fully to see whole list of posts to Learn Gujarati. Learn Gujarati grammar and many aspects Gujarati language online.
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